通过浏览这些标题，我对人们烹饪和烘焙的东西有了很好的了解. I also started to understand that recipes spread in the past much how the do today; through word of mouth, 传给下一代, 或者在出版的烹饪书中找到, 由不同权威的作者所写. 但我想更进一步. 美国早期的烹饪书ag8国际厅官网app样的? 这些食谱是从哪里来的? 第一本“自制”食谱ag8国际厅官网app, 由一位美国作家写，并在美国出版? 为此，我求助于专家.
在他们的书中 联合口味:第一本美国烹饪书的制作， Keith Stavely和Kathleen Fitzgerald为所有这些问题提供了答案. 正如标题所示, 这本书探讨了美国作家在美国出版的第一本烹饪书的创作和意义: 美国的烹饪 艾米莉亚·西蒙斯于1796年出版.
看了一本18世纪晚期的教科书后，我渴望看到更多. 令人高兴的是，MHS有相当多的人! 我读 莎莉帕克曼的 1787年至1788年，她的老师问了她同样的问题, 但在更少 要求 style); her 1795 French exercises, which I was helpless to read; and, 她的(未注明日期的)手写书，在书中她抄了相当幽默的模板，给想象中的各种熟人和亲戚写信. 在1799年的一本书法书中， 安斯普拉格 来自马萨诸塞州波士顿的一名学生，练习草书和抄写诗歌. 我读过的一本1832年的字母练习书肯定属于一个蹒跚学步的孩子——用铅笔写的, 小埃莉诺·戴维斯写了倾斜的小写字母l, 向后j的, 还有圆度不同的o. 这本书是“给她亲爱的父亲的”，不到三页长. 当然，埃莉诺有更多有趣的活动来打发时间!
然而，在贝琪的书中，这一涂鸦并不是唯一的意外发现. 在每一页的涂鸦上方，贝琪抄下一句格言，通常是押韵的. 许多人根据财富的价值，就如何过上好日子给出了一般性的建议, white Anglo-Americans (“Every moment spend unto some useful end”; “我的ey makes some men mad many merry but few sad”), 同时也在思考死亡(“想死的人必须活得好”). Others focused on 你th (“In days of 你th mind the truth”; “我的uments of learning 是 the most durable”), and some strike me as clearly gendered (“A handsome face is 一个字母 of recommendation”; “Politeness consists in being easy 你rself and making others so”). A few 是 easily recognizable today (“Necessity is the Mother of Invention”; “Virtue is its own reward.”)
玛丽显然一辈子都住在林恩, 但她的家族与波士顿的渊源可以追溯到几代以前. 在她的叙述, 她提到了她的曾祖父, a street lamplighter; her grandfather John, a blacksmith and wheelwright; and she describes incidents in both her mother’s and her father’s lives and those of her 姻亲.
玛丽·托德·林肯，19世纪60年代的第一夫人，是一个唯心论者. 从1850年到1871年，Mrs. Lincoln experienced what can be considered an excessive amount of death close to her; three sons, 三个兄弟, 她的继父, 岳父, 一个妹夫, 和她的丈夫. 其中7例死亡发生在1862-1871年的9年间. 尽管我一生都是基督徒, 她在儿子死后转向了唯灵论, 威廉, in 1862. She was inconsolable and looking for a way to manage her grief; she began attending séances and felt they were so comforting that she hosted séances in the White House.
By 1870, 他曾因拍摄幽灵照片而被指控欺诈，然后被判无罪, 缪勒太太去世后，缪勒就出名了. 林肯来到波士顿，坐下来拍一张穆勒精神的照片. 打印出来的照片上有一个模糊的身影，看起来像林肯总统站在她身后，双手搭在她的肩膀上. 彼得·曼索，《 《幻影显形者:一个关于幽灵、欺诈、摄影和捕捉林肯鬼魂的人的故事》他是这样说的. 林肯对照片的反应是:“没有人能阻止她，这并不意味着亚伯拉罕·林肯还在她身边.”
“Stayed in bed all day- we’ve been in a dreadful storm all day- Haven’t made any progress- just rode the waves- nearly everyone 原文如此k- Dad 峰ed his face in just long enough to say he wasn’t feeling so good – the waves look 就像 mountains from my bunk- they bang against the port-hole with such force I’m frightened it will break- Sighs from mother – it’s the last sea trip she’ll take she says-“
十点我们看见了陆地. Did my best to read my book but was pulled into quoits and tennis – after landing a party of eight of us went to the top of a mountain and such wonderful sights- this is a heavenly place – then we went out to the Mano hotel at Waikiki for dinner – Met Betty and two yanks god love em we went out on the water in a rig-canoe and rode the waves in – then danced and what heavenly dancers- the boys brought me lays-wreaths and flowers- kissed them all good bye- maybe I haven’t had a wonderful time
Up at 5:30 oh Lord and off once again down the river to this place – Poor dying Murai got on- her brother taking her home to die- very cold for a while – reached 在这里 in time for luncheon – great place – Mother 原文如此k- played cards walked this afternoon also had a tennis set with Clarice – she plays a wonderful game- we played cards and the piano till night- sleeping in Clarice’s room to-night-
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